Stavropol region. A historical-geographical area regarding the Russian Federation located in the main area regarding Subcaucasia, amongst the Kuban River (and you can Kuban area) towards the western, the Terek area with the the southern area of, the latest Don region towards northern, this new Kalmyk Independent Republic on the northeast, together with places of the Caucasian slope peoples to the south and you will southwest. The fresh new Stavropol part generally corresponds from inside the area on the former Stavropol gubernia (in 18611920 line, 59,500 sq . kilometer) while the later on Stavropol krai, quicker the fresh new Karachai-Cherkess Independent oblast (66,five hundred sq kilometres).
Physical geography. The big part of the Stavropol area are filled by the Stavropol Upland; the fresh lesser section have parts of the fresh new Caspian Lowland regarding the east, the brand new Kuma-Manych Despair on the northern, and also the mountain tops of one’s Caucasus Hills from the southwest. The fresh environment of Stavropol region are transitional, away from moderate continental in the western in order to more dry plus continental throughout the east. The greater of them through the Yegorlyk (and therefore flows to your Manych), the brand new Kalaus, the Kuma, and Kuban as well as top tributaries, the new Velykyi Zelenchuk additionally the Malyi Zelenchuk (look for Zelenchuk rivers). River water is employed to possess irrigation. Small, primarily saline lakes abound; the largest ‘s the thin but 160-km-much time River Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
Nevertheless located Stavropol part remained sparsely populated of the nomadic Nogay Tatars (a great Turkic-talking anybody) and you will Kalmyk somebody (a Mongol-speaking group), just who together numbered from the 80,000
This new soils on the west and central a portion of the Stavropol part is certain chernozems and chestnut earth; to the east and you can northeast they be light chestnut. The sheer herbs also transform eastward that have decreasing moisture, from meadow fescuefeather lawn steppe so you can inactive fescuefeather yard steppe and semidesert plants away from wormwood, lifeless fescue, and you can feather grass. In the way more humid area of the Stavropol Upland and also in new Caucasus foothills the new pure vegetation is tree-steppe which have pine-hornbeam-beech forest. Today both the steppe and forest-steppe are nearly completely cleaned for farming.
Record. Regarding the middle-16th century new Caucasus as well as the Stavropol region started initially to started for the exposure to Muscovite colonization. About 16th and you will seventeenth many years Subcaucasia knowledgeable the brand new origins out of Cossack colonization (the latest Don Cossacks on the west in addition to Terek Cossacks when you look at the the fresh eastern). Caucasian mountain individuals, this new Karachai while the Cherkess, lived in the fresh new mountain tops of area.
Early in the newest eighteenth century new Stavropol area nominally turned the main Russian Kingdom. Permanent agreements, but not, weren’t situated through to the last quarter of your own century, when, within the 177780, the brand new Russian government built a type of forts, the fresh Mozdok-Azov range, which have head office at the Stavropol, in order to secure the Caucasian slope peoples. By 1785 the latest Stavropol area designed part of Caucasus oblast, that was redesignated an effective gubernia for the 1802. Pursuing the numerous label change it had been appointed while the Stavropol gubernia for the 1847. Its boundaries was finally repaired into the 1861, if this are split of Terek oblast. Compared with Kuban oblast and you will Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (as 1898) wasn’t element of Caucasus krai.
Before the 1930s the newest Stavropol area try paid because of the both Ukrainians and you will Russians, and you will constituted part of contiguous, albeit blended, Ukrainian ethnographic area
The fresh Russian authorities marketed the new fast colonization of your Stavropol part so you can establish a bottom for army tricks on the Caucasus. Part of you to aim is actually accomplished by brand new granting of preference tracts regarding residential property to Russian noblemen, exactly who paid them with their serfs. A extreme cause for colonization, yet not, is actually the brand new natural settlement because of the county peasants have been unimpeded because of the the newest main government. In fact brand new purple authorities legalized extant says towards ukase off 1804 and you will provided dil mil recherche assistance to those who’d compensated for the new Stavropol part. By the end of one’s 1850s the populace out-of Stavropol gubernia had risen to 340,000 (5.5 people for every single sq kilometres). The merely area, Stavropol, expanded from about step 3,000 owners during the 1800 so you’re able to 17,600 citizens inside 1853. The absolute most densely settled parts was basically the fresh steppes within Yegorlyk and also the Kalaus rivers and the Kalaus Lake area. The population from Stavropol gubernia (as well as Terek oblast) in 1853 contained 48.7 percent Cossacks, thirty-two % state peasants, sixteen.dos per cent nomadic herders, and you will step 3.1 percent serfs while some.
